ZUP-230V-BM Fire Safety Power Supply – Certified Power Supply for Smoke Ventilation Air-Intake Fans
03/07/2026
Author: Andrzej Orzeł
Operating Principle of the ZUP-230V-BM Power Supply
In fire ventilation and smoke control systems, actuating devices such as loading dock or garage gates increasingly perform a critical function as air-intake elements. Their operation under alarm conditions is essential for the proper operation of the entire system. Traditional commercial UPS systems do not meet the mandatory standards applicable to safety systems and pose a high risk of drive failures.
This article provides a detailed explanation of the design, operating logic, and technical advantages of the ZUP-230V-BM floating-operation power supply, specifically designed to supply devices requiring a guaranteed 230V AC supply voltage.
Certification and Compliance with Standards
The device has been designed and tested to ensure full compliance with the stringent legal requirements applicable to fire safety systems. The ZUP-230V-BM series fire safety power supplies are certified floating-operation power supplies compliant with the following standards:
EN 54-4 + A1 + A2 (Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Power supply equipment)
EN 12101-10 (Smoke and heat control systems – Power supply equipment)
Documents authorizing the product for use on the construction market:
Certificate of Constancy of Performance CNBOP-PIB No. 1438-CPR-0761
CNBOP-PIB Approval Certificate No. 6057/2026
Declaration of Performance DoP-MX-19
Downloads
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ZUP-230V-BM DS EN
(178 KB) | .pdfDownload file -
ZUP-230V-BM UM EN
(1 MB) | .pdfDownload file -
ZUP-230V-BM CNBOP-CRT
(758 KB) | .pdfDownload file -
ZUP-230V-BM CNBOP-AP
(2 MB) | .pdfDownload file -
ZUP-230V-BM DoP
(3 MB) | .pdfDownload file -
ZUP-230V-BM DoC
(1 MB) | .pdfDownload file
Purpose and Design
The ZUP-230V-BM fire safety power supply is a certified, single-phase floating-operation power supply that provides 230 V AC (alternating current) to fire protection equipment. Its main function is to provide backup power to actuating devices that must operate reliably during a fire, even in the event of a complete loss of the building’s mains power supply or disconnection of the power by the Fire Emergency Power Off Switch (PWP).
A key design element is the built-in inverter. This module converts direct current from the internal batteries into a pure sine wave 230 V AC voltage. The generated voltage parameters are safe for electronic controller circuits and inductive loads such as gate drive motors.
Main applications:
- Gates and air-intake devices: Powering drives for loading dock gates, garage gates, sliding doors, and wall-mounted shutters serving as air-intake devices in natural smoke ventilation systems.
- Smoke control systems: Powering smoke dampers, natural smoke vents, and smoke exhaust windows requiring a 230 V AC supply.
- Fire ventilation and air circulation: Powering control automation components for ventilation fans used for air circulation or smoke control.
- Emergency power supply (UPS mode): The device can operate as a standard emergency power supply for industrial equipment. Please note that operation in UPS mode is not covered by CNBOP certification. Using the device in this mode in fire protection systems requires verification of compliance with local regulations in each case.
- 24 V DC floating-operation power supply (optional): The larger M and L cabinet versions can be factory-equipped with an additional 24 V DC power supply module. This enables simultaneous powering of low-voltage devices such as gate automation systems, control modules, or PWP optical indicators.
Background and Development: From an Engineering Problem to a Dedicated Solution
The design of the ZUP-230V-BM model is a direct result of analyzing service reports and the needs reported by installers and integrators.
- Market problem: During the servicing of installations in warehouses and logistics centers, installers encountered problems with the reliability of air-intake gate drives. The widespread use of standard UPS systems generated a so-called modified sine wave (trapezoidal waveform). This caused motor windings to overheat and become damaged and reduced battery service life.
- Initial concept: MERAWEX designed an advanced, universal 230 V AC floating-operation power supply with an extensive output section and fully adjustable timing. This solution proved too complex for on-site configuration, costly, and the continuous presence of 230 V AC at the output raised concerns among emergency services during firefighting operations.
- Evolution to the BM version: In response to this feedback, MERAWEX engineers optimized the design. The result was the ZUP-230V-BM – a simplified, cost-optimized power supply dedicated specifically to the operation of fire safety gates.
Operating Logic and Fire Alarm Sequence
When the primary power supply is available, the device supplies the loads directly from the mains and monitors the battery charging process under the control of a microprocessor-based controller. When the mains voltage fails or the PWP is activated, the power supply executes a strictly programmed operating sequence.
Power Supply Operating Sequence
Switching Delay (SETTINGS Switch – Slider No. 2)
It is possible to set an immediate switchover (25 ms) or a 2 s delay. A two-second delay prevents gate controller processors from freezing during short-term, unstable fluctuations in the mains voltage. Completely disconnecting the power supply before starting the inverter ensures a proper controller restart.
Phase 1 (Operation After Mains Power Failure)
After switching to battery power, the power supply maintains 230 V AC for the duration of TS (9 minutes by default). This allows the gates to be opened or closed if necessary during normal operation. If no fire alarm signal is received during this time, the inverter is switched off and the power supply enters standby mode. This state can be maintained for up to 72 hours.
Phase 2 (Fire Alarm Activation)
The alarm signal from the Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP) is supplied to the supervised, parameterized CIE input. The signal must remain active for more than 2 seconds. This eliminates the risk of false alarms caused, for example, by electromagnetic interference. After the signal has been verified, the alarm is permanently latched in the controller memory. This ensures that the gate opening procedure is completed even if the signal cable from the FACP is damaged.
Alarm Transmission to the Gate Controller (SETTINGS Switch – Slider No. 7)
The CSO fire output transmits a control signal to the gate drive (or the RWA input). Using slider No. 7, this signal can be delayed by 2 s or 12 s. The 12-second delay is intended for gate controllers that require time to initialize the system and correctly read the limit switch states after a sudden start. After the gate has been raised and the alarm time TA (9 minutes by default) has elapsed, the voltage at the 230 V AC output is unconditionally disconnected, minimizing the risk of electric shock to firefighters conducting firefighting operations.
Technical Comparison: FACP Mode vs. UPS Mode
The power supply is equipped with a SETTINGS configuration switch (slider No. 1) that determines the operating logic of the device. Selecting the ON position activates the certified FACP fire mode, while the OFF position switches the device to universal UPS mode.
| Feature / Function | FACP Fire Mode (Slider 1 = ON) | Industrial UPS Mode (Slider 1 = OFF) |
| Construction Product Certification | Full compliance with EN 54-4 and EN 12101-10 (CNBOP). | No CNBOP certification for this configuration. |
| Inverter Operation After Mains Failure | Timed (9 minutes by default), followed by a transition to standby mode. | Continuous – until the batteries are deeply discharged. |
| Maximum Standby Time | Up to 72 hours (thanks to the energy-saving algorithm). | Directly dependent on battery capacity and the continuous load current. |
| CIE Control Input | Active. Supervised fire alarm loop input (requires end-of-line resistors). | Inactive. |
| DO (Door Open) Control Input | Functions as a local, priority fire alarm gate-opening button. | Functions as a remote input for switching the inverter on/off. |
| EPO Safety Switch | Not permitted. Fire safety regulations prohibit accidental disconnection of safety systems. | Active. Allows emergency remote disconnection of the power supply output. |
| CSO Output Function | Physical forced-opening signal transmitted to the gate automation system. | Low battery voltage indication (U_BAT < U_LO). |
Inverter Energy-Saving Function
Most fire protection devices powered by 230 V AC (e.g. gate drives) remain inactive in standby mode and do not draw power from the mains. Continuously maintaining the inverter output voltage during a prolonged loss of the primary power supply would unnecessarily drain the batteries.
Thanks to the energy-saving function, after the TS period (9 minutes) has elapsed following a mains failure, the ZUP-230V-BM microprocessor controller completely switches off the inverter output. The current drawn from the batteries for the power supply’s own operation then drops from 0.59–1.44 A (depending on the model power rating) to just 39 mA. The inverter is automatically reactivated and supplies the full 230 V AC voltage only when a fire alarm signal is received from the FACP loop (CIE input) or when manually triggered (DO input). This solution makes it possible to meet the normative requirement for 72 hours of standby time while maintaining optimal battery capacities.
Backup Time Parameterization
The factory default inverter operating times are 9 minutes (for both the mains failure time TS and the alarm time TA). These values are programmed during production in accordance with the requirements of the project’s technical specifications. The parameter adjustment ranges available in the factory configuration are:
- TS (inverter operating time after mains failure): from 1 second to 180 minutes
- TA (inverter operating time in fire alarm mode): from 3 minutes to 60 minutes
Note: The installer cannot independently change the TA and TS times on site using the configuration switches. Any deviations from the standard 9-minute settings must be specified when placing the order.
Summary
The ZUP-230V-BM fire safety floating-operation power supply is a specialized device that eliminates the drawbacks of standard UPS systems in smoke control systems. By generating a pure sine wave, it protects gate drive motors from damage, while its advanced microprocessor-based logic with an inverter shutdown function ensures a long fire standby time. Full CNBOP certification confirms that the device is a reliable component of technical safety systems and complies with Polish construction law.
We encourage you to explore the other articles in our series dedicated to the ZUP-230V-BM range.
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